Russian federal highways
Russian federal highways (Russian: Автомобильные дороги федерального значения Российской Федерации or Avtomobil'nye dorogi federal'nogo znacheniya Rossiyskoy Federatsii, meaning "Highways of federal importance in Russian Federation") are the most important highways in Russia which are the federal property. The following motorways are designated as federal.[1][2]
- All highways
- which connect Moscow with the capitals of the neighbouring countries and with the administrative centres of the subjects of the Russian Federation. They are identified by the prefix "M" in the national route signs;
- which are parts of the international road networks: European and Asian, identified by prefixes "E" and "AH" in the international route signs used simultaneously with the national route signs.
- Some highways
- which connect administrative centers of the subjects of the Russian Federation with each other (national route sign prefix "P")
- which are branching and bridging roads (national prefix "A"):
- access roads that lead to major transportation nodes and special objects
- access roads from the administrative centers of the subjects of the Russian Federation which has no highway connection with Moscow to the nearest sea and river ports and to the international borders.
- which interlink other federal highways.
The federal highways are classified in Russia into two categories: "motorways/Avtomagistral" (Russian: магистральная автомобильная дорога, автомагистраль, not the same as the English term motorway) and "other".
Federal motorways
Other federal highways
Original list
In the order of the 1991 document:[3]:
- M-13: Bryansk - Novozybkov to the border with Belarus (onto Gomel, Pinsk, Kobryn)
- M-19: Novoshakhtinsk - Maisky (from Kiev through Poltava, Kharkiv) from the border with Ukraine to route M4 "Don"
- M-20: Saint Petersburg - Pskov - Pustoshka - Nevel - border with Belarus
- M-21: Volgograd - Kamensk-Shakhtinsky to the border with Ukraine (onto Dnipropetrovsk, Chişinău)
- M-23: Rostov-on-Don - Taganrog to the border with Ukraine (onto Kharkiv, Odessa)
- M-25: Novorossiysk - Kerch Strait (onto Simferopol)
- M-27: Dzhubga - Sochi to the border with Abkhazia/Georgia (disputed) (onto Tbilisi, Baku)
- M-32: Samara - Bol. Chernigovka to the border with Kazakhstan (onto Oral, Aktobe, Kyzylorda, Shymkent)
- M-36: Chelyabinsk - Troitsk to the border with Kazakhstan (onto Kostanay, Karaganda, Balqash, Almaty)
- M-38: Omsk - Cherlak to the border with Kazakhstan (onto Pavlodar, Semey, Maikapchagai))
- A-101 Moscow-Maloyaroslavets-Roslavl to the border with the Republic of Belarus (Bobruisk, Slutsk)
- A-113: Kostroma-Ivanovo
- A-114: Vologda - Novaya Ladoga-up line "Cola" (in Tikhvin)
- A-116: Novgorod-Pskov (in Soltsy, Porkhov)
- IP-56
- A-141: Orel-Bryansk highway to "Ukraine"
- A-141: Bryansk, Smolensk, to the border with the Republic of Belarus (in, Rudnev, in Vitebsk), Entrance to the city of Smolensk
- A-142: Trosna-Kalinovka
- A-144: Kursk-Voronezh-Borisoglebsk to, highways, "Caspian"
- A-151: Tsivilsk-Ulyanovsk
- A-154: Astrakhan, Elista, Stavropol
- A-166: Chita-Zabaikalsk, to the border with China, the Republic of
- A-212: Pskov Izborsk to the border with the Republic of Estonia,, Coy (in Riga)
- A-216: Gvardeisk-Niemen, to the border with the Republic of Lithuania, Coy (via Siauliai, Jelgava)
- A-229 Kaliningrad-Chernyakhovsk-Nesterov, to the border with the Republic of Lithuania, Coy (in Vilnius, Minsk, magist-, ral "Belarus")
- A-349: Barnaul, Rubtsovsk, to the border with the Republic of Ka, zahstan (by Semipalatinsk)
- 1 R-92: Kaluga-Przemysl-Belev-Eagle
- 1 F-119: Eagle-Livny, Elec-Lipetsk, Tambov
- 1 F-132: Kaluga-Tula-Ryazan Mikhailov
- 1 F-156: Nizhny Novgorod, Arzamas-Saransk
- 1 F-158: Penza, Saratov
- 1 F-175: Yoshkar-Ola to Zelenodolsk, highways, "Volga"
- 1 F-178: Saransk-Sura-Ulyanovsk
- 1 F-193: Voronezh, Tambov
- 1 F-208: Tambov-Saratov
- 1 F-209: Tambov, Penza
- 1 F-228: Syzran-Saratov-Volgograd
- 1 F-241: Kazan, Ulyanovsk-Buinsk
- 1 F-242: Perm-Ekaterinburg
- 1 F-253: Maikop, Ust-Labinsk Korenovsk
- 1 F-335: Orenburg Ilek, to the border with the Republic of Kazakhstan (for Oral)
- 1 F-344: NYTVA-Kudymkar
- 1 F-351: Yekaterinburg-Tyumen
- 1 F-354: Ekaterinburg, Kurgan-Shadrinsk
- 1 F-402: Tyumen-Yalutorovsk-Ishim-Omsk
- 1 F-418: Irkutsk Ust-Orda
- 1 F-488: Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Korsakov
- -: Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk-KholmskYuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Kholmsk
Access roads to ports, airports and railroad stations from cities Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Anadyr, Dudinka, Naryan-Mar, Salekhard, Khanty-Mansiysk and from the urban-type settlements of Palana and Tura.
Recent additions
- Уфа - Оренбург и Западный обход г. Уфы. (published December 24, 2008, to be in force since January 1, 2010)[4]
References